Heat transfer and economic analyses of using various nanofluids in shell and tube heat exchangers for the cogeneration and solar-driven organic Rankine cycle systems

Abstract This project attempts to evaluate the effect of nanofluids on thermal performance and economic parameters shell tube heat exchangers. First, two thermodynamic processes including combined power (CHP) system solar-driven organic Rankine cycle (ORC) are simulated using Aspen HYSYS. The CHP ORC systems can produce 25 MW 175.8 kW electrical power, respectively. Thereafter, use in exchangers these systems, thermophysical specifications modeled MATLAB software validated with previous investigations. For this purpose, four kinds consisting Al2O3/H2O, TiO2/H2O, Cu/H2O Ag/H2O utilized. According results, by adding nanoparticles base fluid, conductivity, viscosity, transfer coefficient density increase capacity reduces. assessment parametric analysis concentration conducted. variations taken be 0.5–4%. It was found that system, employing 1% Ag/H2O, Cu/H2O, Al2O3/H2O TiO2/water nanofluids, overall cost is reduced 3.1%, 1.9%, 1.2% 0.9%, Also, at a 2% for Ag/water, Cu/water Al2O3/water total decreases 4.4%, 3%, 0.5%, denoted utilization cycles considerably reduce whole process.